Development and application of three-dimensional point cloud radiotherapy real-time monitoring system based on depth camera / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To develop the real-time radiotherapy monitoring system of three-dimensional (3D) point cloud by using depth camera and verify its feasibility.Methods:Taking the depth camera coordinate system as the world coordinate system, the conversion relationship between the simulation CT coordinate system and the world coordinate system was obtained from the calibration module. The patient's simulation CT point cloud was transformed into the world coordinate system through the above relationship, and registered with the patient's surface point cloud obtained in real-time manner by the depth camera to calculate the six-dimensional (6D) error, and complete the positioning verification and fractional internal position error monitoring in radiotherapy. Mean and standard deviation of 6D calculation error, Hausdorff distance of point cloud after registration and the running time of each part of the program were calculated to verify the feasibility of the system. Fifteen real patients were selected to calculate the 6D error between the system and cone beam CT (CBCT).Results:In the phantom experiment, the errors of the system in the x, y and z axes were (1.292±0.880)mm, (1.963±1.115)mm, (1.496±1.045)mm, respectively, and the errors in the rotation, pitch and roll directions were 0.201°±0.181°, 0.286°±0.326°, 0.181°±0.192°, respectively. For real patients, the translational error of the system was within 2.6 mm, the rotational error was approximately 1°, and the program run at 1-2 frames/s. The precision and speed met the radiotherapy requirement. Conclusion:The 3D point cloud radiotherapy real-time monitoring system based on depth camera can automatically complete the positioning verification before radiotherapy, real-time monitoring of body position during radiotherapy, and provide error visual feedback, which has potential clinical application value.

Blueberry attenuates liver injury in metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease by promoting the expression of mitofilin/Mic60 in human hepatocytes and inhibiting the production of superoxide / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of blueberry on regulating the mitochondrial inner membrane protein mitofilin/Mic60 in an in vitro model of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MAFLD). Methods L02 human hepatocytes were induced by free fatty acids (FFA) to establish MAFLD cell model. A normal group, a model group, an 80 μg/mL blueberry treatment group, a Mic60 short hairpin RNA (Mic60 shRNA) transfection group, and Mic60 knockdown combined with an 80 μg/mL blueberry treatment group were established. The intracellular lipid deposition was observed by oil red O staining, and the effect of different concentrations of blueberry pulp on the survival rate of L02 cells treated with FFA was measured by MTT assay. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were measured by visible spectrophotometry. The expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hepatocytes was observed by fluorescence microscopy, and the mRNA and protein expression of Mic60 were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Results After 24 hours of FFA stimulation, a large number of red lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of L02 cells was observed, and the survival rate of L02 cells treated with 80 μg/mL blueberry was higher. The results of ALT, AST, TG, TC, MDA and the fluorescence intensity of ROS in blueberry treated group were lower than those in model group, while the levels of SOD, GSH, Mic60 mRNA and protein in blueberry treated group were higher than those in model group. Conclusion Blueberry promotes the expression of Mic60, increases the levels of SOD and GSH in hepatocytes, and reduces the production of ROS, thus alleviating the injury of MAFLD hepatocytes and regulating the disorder of lipid metabolism.

Correlation between spinous process deviation and lumbar disc herniation in young patients / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between spinous process deviation and lumbar disc herniation in young patients.@*METHODS@#From March 2015 to January 2022, 30 treated young (under the age of 30) patients with lumbar disc herniation were included as the young group. In addition 30 middle-aged patients (quinquagenarian group) with lumbar disc herniation and 30 patients with non-degenerative spinal diseases (young non-degenerative group) were selected as control groups. The angle of the spinous process deviation was measured on CT and statistically analyzed by various groups. All the data were measured twice and the average value was taken and recorded.@*RESULTS@#The average angle of spinous process deviation in the degenerative lumbar vertebra of young patients were (3.89±3.77) degrees, similar to the (3.72±2.98) degrees of quinquagenarian patients(P=0.851). The average angle of s spinous process deviation young non-degenerative group were (2.20±2.28) degrees, significantly less than young group(P=0.040). The spinous process deviation angle of the superior vertebral of the degenerative lumbar in the young group was (4.10±3.44) degrees, which similar to the (3.47±2.87) degrees in the quinquagenarian group (P=0.447). A total of 19 young patients had the opposite deviation direction of the spinous process of the degenerative lumbar vertebra and upper vertebra, while only 7 quinquagenarian patients had this condition(P=0.02). The type of lumbar disc herniation in young patients had no significant relationship with the direction of spinous process deflection of the degenerative or upper lumbar vertebra (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Spinous process deviation is a risk factor of young lumbar disc herniation patients. If the deviation directions of adjacent lumbar spinous processes are opposite, it will increase the incidence of lumbar disc herniation in young patients. There was no significant correlation between the type of disc herniation and the deviation direction of the spinous process of the degenerative or upper lumbar vertebra. People with such anatomical variation can strengthen the stability of spine and prevent lumbar disc herniation through reasonable exercise.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of renal function deterioration in children with renal dysplasia complicated with chronic kidney disease / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of renal function deterioration in children with renal dysplasia and chronic kidney disease (CKD), so as to provide a basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and management. 【Methods】 The clinical data of children with renal dysplasia complicated with CKD treated in the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including the gender, age of diagnosis, growth index, concomitant malformation and complications. According to the diagnostic criteria and staging standard of KDIGO2020 guidelines, patients with disease deteriorated to CKD stage 4-5 were enrolled into the regression group. Factors affecting the deterioration of renal function were determined with Cox regression analysis. 【Results】 A total of 122 children were involved, including 66 (54.1%) with CKD stag 4-5. There were more boys than girls. Bilateral and unilateral renal dysplasia occurred in 88 (72.13%) and 34 (27.87%) cases, respectively, and 64 (52.46%) cases were complicated with other urinary diseases. There were significant differences in weight, height and body mass index (BMI) among patients with CKD stage 1-5 (P<0.01). The age of onset of CKD <10 years, BMI lower than the 3rd percentile of the same sex and age, bilateral renal dysplasia, and one or more complications of congenital renal and urinary tract abnormalities (CAKUT) were the risk factors of deterioration of renal function (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Renal dysplasia complicated with CKD are more common in boys, with high incidence of bilateral renal dysplasia. Bilateral renal dysplasia, age of onset of CKD <10 years, BMI lower than 3% and complications are important influencing factors of renal dysplasia in children with CKD.

Recognition models of cigarette smoking behavior by real-time indoor PM2.5 concentrations in public places / 环境与职业医学

Background Public places are frequently polluted by cigarette smoking, and there is a lack of accurate, real-time, and intelligent monitoring technology to identify smoking behavior. It is necessary to develop a tool to identify cigarette smoking behavior in public places for more efficient control of cigarette smoking and better indoor air quality. Objective To construct a model for recognizing cigarette smoking behavior based on real-time indoor concentrations of PM2.5 in public places. Methods Real-time indoor PM2.5 concentrations were measured for at least 7 continuous days in 10 arbitrarily selected places (6 public service providers and and 4 office or other places) from Oct. to Nov. 2022 in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. Indoor nicotine concentrations were monitored with passive samplers simultaneously. Outdoor PM2.5 concentration data were obtained from three municipal environmental monitoring stations which were nearest to each monitoring point during the same period. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare indoor and outdoor means of PM2.5 concentrations, and Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze indoor PM2.5 and nicotine concentrations. An interactive plot and a random forest model was applied to examine the association between video observation validated indoor smoking behavior and real-time indoor PM2.5 concentrations in an Internet cafe. Results The average indoor PM2.5 concentration in the places providing public services [(97.5±149.3) µg·m−3] was significantly higher than that in office and other places [(19.8±12.2) µg·m−3] (P=0.011). The indoor/outdoor ratio (I/O ratio) of PM2.5 concentration in the public service providers ranged from 1.1 to 19.0. Furthermore, the indoor PM2.5 concentrations in the 10 public places were significantly correlated with the nicotine concentrations (rs=0.969, P<0.001). Among them, the top 3 highly polluted places were Internet cafes, chess and card rooms, and KTV. The results of random forest modeling showed that, for synchronous real-time PM2.5 concentration, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.66, while for PM2.5 concentration at a lag of 4 min after the incidence of smoking behavior, the AUC increased to 0.72. Conclusion The indoor PM2.5 concentrations in public places are highly correlated with smoking behavior. Based on real-time indoor PM2.5 monitoring, a preliminary recognition model for smoking behavior is constructed with acceptable accuracy, indicating its potential values applied in smoking control and management in public places.

Application of robot assisted surgical system in kidney transplantation / 器官移植

In recent years, along with the unremitting efforts of clinical practitioners and the innovation of science and technology, minimally invasive technique has developed rapidly, and robot assisted surgical system has been invented. As a minimally invasive and precise technique, robot assisted surgical system can also be used by remote operation, which is the important development direction of surgical technique in modern era. Robot assisted surgical system has been applied extensively in the field of kidney transplantation, which is one of the research hot spots in this field. At present, da Vinci surgical system is more commonly adopted. In this article, the development history and current status of robot assisted surgical system in the field of kidney transplantation were introduced. The main advantages and disadvantages were summarized and the technical key points were discussed. The evaluation scheme and prospect of robot assisted kidney transplantation were predicted, which may promote the application of robot assisted surgical system in kidney transplantation and provide reference for improving clinical prognosis of kidney transplant recipients.

Effects of intrathecal injection of resveratrol on sense of pain and OPG/RANK/RANK-L signal pathway in rats with bone cancer pain / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of intrathecal injection of resveratrol on sense of pain and OPG/RANK/RANK-L signal pathway in rats with bone cancer pain. METHODS After treatment via intrathecal tube ，the rats were randomly divided into sham operation group ，model group ，resveratrol low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （0.25，1，2 mg/kg），with 8 rats in each group. Except for sham operation group ，other groups were given Walker 256 breast cancer cell suspension on the right hind limb tibia to induce bone cancer pain model. After 12 days of modeling ，intrathecal administration was performed in resveratrol groups. The model group and sham operation group received the same volume of dimethyl sulfoxide ，10 μL，once a day ，for 5 days. The paw withdrawal mechanical threshold （PWMT）and paw withdrawal thermal latency （PWTL）were measured at 3 d，5 d after administration. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α），interleukin 6（IL-6），IL-1β and chemokine ligand 2 （CCL2）were determined after last medication ，and the protein expressions of RANK ，RANK-L and OPG in tibia were also determined. RESULTS Compared with sham operation group ，PWMT and PWTL were significantly decreased in the model group 12 days after operation （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，PWMT and PWTL were significantly increased in resveratrol medium-dose and high-dose groups at 3 d and 5 d after administration （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，the levels of TNF-α，IL-6，IL-1β and CCL2 in serum were significantly decreased in resveratrol middle-dose and high-dose groups at 5 d after administration（P＜0.05）；the expression of IL- 6 in serum was significantly decreased in resveratrol low-dose group （P＜0.05）； the protein expressions of RANK-L and RANK in tibia were significantly decreased ，while the protein expression of OPG was increased significantly in resveratrol middle-dose group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol by intrathecal injection can relieve the inflammation caused by bone cancer pain of rats ， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting the activity of OPG/RANK/RANK-L signal pathway.

Primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma: a case report / 中华神经科杂志

Primary central nervous system T-cell lymphomas (PCNSTL) are rare, the clinical symptoms and radiographic imaging of which are unspecific, and the pathological morphology is antypical, leading to misdiagnosis and delays in treatment. A 45-year-old male patient with diplopia accompanied by numbness and dysarthria was reported in this paper, which was considered as "lymphoma or lymphoproliferative lesions" on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) while no typical tumor cells in brain biopsy. The clinical symptoms worsened one month later and the reexamined MRI showed that the scope of the lesion was enlarged and the enhancement was more obvious than before, which was still considered as lymphoma or lymphoproliferative lesion. The second biopsy was performed and still no typical tumor lymphocytes were seen. Finally, gene rearrangement was carried out and showed the β and γ chains both present positive mutations in T cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement. Combined with cell morphology, immunophenotype and TCR gene rearrangement results, the patient was finally diagnosed as PCNSTL. This article reviewed the clinical symptoms, imaging features, laboratory examinations, pathological characteristics, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PCNSTL, so as to improve the understanding of this rare disease.

Early experience of robot assisted living donor kidney transplantation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore the safety and early prognosis of robot assisted living donor kidney transplantation(KT)and plot the learning curve of mastering the operation.Methods:From July 2020 to March 2021, 30 cases of living robot assisted KT were completed.The follow-up period was 3 months.Cumulative sum analysis was performed for plotting the learning curve.According to the learning curve, they were divided into two groups of practice period(the first 17 cases)and proficiency period(the last 13 cases). Time of each operative stage and early prognosis were compared.Kidney function and perioperative complications of two groups were compared for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of robot assisted KT.Results:The average operative duration was (221.4±36.1)min.No intestinal obstruction, delayed graft function, urinary leakage and incision infection occurred during perioperative period.The average anal exhaust time was(1.9±0.2)days.During follow-ups, both pulmonary infection(2 cases)and acute rejection(1 case)improved after treatment.According to the learning curve, venous anastomosis(10 cases), arterial anastomosis(12 cases), warm ischemic time(12 cases)and ureteral anastomosis(17 cases)should be performed for reaching a proficiency level.An average of 15 operations was required for achieving proficiency throughout operations.Significant inter-group differences existed in operative duration [(235.5±31.6)vs(203.0±34.3)min, P=0.012] and warm ischemic time [(63.7±24.9)vs(47.0±11.3)min, P=0.033]. At some postoperative timepoints, creatinine of proficiency group was lower than that of practice group, such as Day 7 post-operation [(192.7±135.2)vs(107.8±27.9)μmol/L, P=0.022] and Day 30 post-operation [(147.8±46.3)vs(112.3±28.0)μmol/L, P=0.021]. However, no significant difference existed in estimated glomerular filtration rate at Day 7 post-operation [(56.1±34.1)ml/(min·1.73m 2)vs(72.0±18.5)ml/(min·1.73m 2), P=0.14] and Day 30 post-operation [(56.2±18.9)ml/(min·1.73m 2)vs(68.7±15.3)ml/(min·1.73m 2), P=0.14]. Conclusions:Robot assisted KT is both safe and feasible.And the learning curve requires 17 cases for reaching a proficiency level.

Dosimetric effect of CT truncated regionson radiotherapy for thoracic esophageal cancer / 中国辐射卫生

@#<b>Objective</b> To investigate the dosimetric effect of truncated regions in computed tomography (CT) images on the targets and organs at risk in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for middle thoracic esophageal cancer. <b>Methods</b> CT images of 15 patients with middle thoracic esophageal cancer were selected. Circle masks were used to make the volume of the truncated region account for 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of the arm volume, and the corresponding truncated CT images were obtained. The real CT was denoted as CT0. Two radiotherapy plans were made on CT0. One plan was VMAT_1F with full arcs, and the other one was VMAT_3F with arm avoidance. The plans were transplanted to four truncated CT, respectively, and the dosimetric differences between different plans were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. <b>Results</b> Compared with VMAT_1F in CT0, <i>D</i>_mean and <i>V</i>₅ of the lung decreased in VMAT_3F, but <i>D</i>_max of the spinal cord, <i>D</i>_mean of the heart, and <i>V</i>₂₀ of the lung increased. In VMAT_3F, there was no statistically significant difference between the dosimetric parameters in the four truncated CT and those in CT0 (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). In VMAT_1F, except for homogeneity index and <i>D</i>_max of the spinal cord, the dosimetric parameters in four truncated CT were significantly different from those in CT0 (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The dosimetric difference increased with the increase in truncated region-to-volume ratio. <b>Conclusion</b> Complete CT data should be collected in clinical practice, and the radiation field avoiding the truncated regionshould be set if necessary to reduce the influence of the truncated region on dosimetry.

Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of Suhuang Zhike Capsules in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Suhuang Zhike Capsules in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Chinese and English databases were searched(from the establishment to July 2021) for randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with Suhuang Zhike Capsules, yielding 130 articles and finally 12 eligible RCTs. The 12 RCTs enrolled a total of 1 159 patients(579 in experimental group, 580 in control group), with 728 males(62.8%) and 431 females(37.2%). Meta-analysis showed that the conventional western medicine combined with Suhuang Zhike Capsules increased clinical efficacy(OR=4.31, 95%CI[2.88, 6.46], Z=7.08, P<0.000 01), forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)(SMD=0.88, 95%CI[0.60, 1.16], Z=6.24, P<0.000 01), forced vital capacity(FVC)(SMD=0.96, 95%CI[0.38, 1.55], Z=3.22, P=0.001), forced vital capacity rate of one second(FEV1/FVC%)(SMD=0.85, 95%CI[0.51, 1.19], Z=4.92, P<0.000 01), and maximum voluntary ventilation(MVV)(SMD=0.61, 95%CI[0.39, 0.83], Z=5.40, P<0.000 01) compared with the conventional western medicine alone. The differences in residual volume/total lung capacity(RV/TLC)(SMD=-0.93, 95%CI[-3.38, 1.53], Z=0.74, P=0.46) and adverse reactions(OR=1.39, 95%CI[0.76, 2.56], Z=1.07, P=0.28) are insignificant. The study showed that the conventional western medicine combined with Suhuang Zhike Capsules could improve clinical efficacy and lung functions in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In addition, the combination had been verified to be safe. However, in view of the uneven method quality, small sample size, and inconsistent outcome indicators of the included studies, higher-quality, multi-center, and large-sample RCTs are needed for further verification.

Early experience with machine retrograde perfusion of deceased donor kidneys / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of retrograde machine perfusion of kidneys from deceased donors.Methods:From January 1, 2020 to July 1, 24 renal transplant recipients underwent organ donation.All grafts were preserved by Kidney Transporter machines(LifePort). Through a random number table, they were divided into two groups of retrograde perfusion(RP group, 12 cases)and anterograde perfusion group(AP group, 12cases). The incidence of delayed recovery of kidney/graft function was compared between two groups.Results:During a follow-up period of 1 month, kidney resistance remained stable in RP group during perfusion.No primary non-function occurred in neither groups.No inter-group difference existed in the incidence of delayed graft function (3 in RP and 2 in AP, P=0.62). At all timepoints within 30 days, both groups had comparable values of urine output, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, cystatin c and blood urea nitrogen.RP group with a resistance index of <0.4 had numerically better kidney function than those with a resistance index of ≥0.4. Conclusions:This novel technique may be an effective and safe alternative for kidney preservation.

Aretrospective cohort study of pregnancy after kidney transplantation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety of pregnancy after kidney transplantation and summarize the optimal timing of pregnancy and the experience in the management during pregnancy and peripartum.Methods:A total of 25 kidney transplant recipients were pregnant during March 2013 to February 2020. A matched cohort of 75 general pregnant women wasincluded as control.Results:Twenty-five women successfully delivered healthy babies in the transplant group. The mean age at kidney transplantationwas (25.6 ±3.2) years old, and the mean interval between transplantation and conception was (54.0±23.1) months. 92% (23 / 25) of recipients had cesarean surgery and all infants were singletons.During pregnancy, the incidence of preeclampsia was significantly higher in the transplant group(20.0%VS. 1.3%, P=0.001)compared with matched control. Compared with pre-pregnancy, the serum creatinine levels of the recipients decreased in the second trimester( P<0.001)and increased in the third trimester( P=0.019), which was similar with the control group. In the third trimester, 40%(10/25)of recipients in the transplant group had proteinuria, which decreased to negative(5/10) or 1+ (4/10) within 6 months after delivery. No rejection occurred in all patients during pregnancy and 6 months after delivery. A higher dose of tacrolimus was needed to maintain the normal trough level after pregnancy, which returned to routine dose postpartum. Conclusions:Although the risk of pregnancy was higher in kidney transplant recipients than that in non-transplant women, the overall risk was acceptable. Strict screening of patients preparing for pregnancy, adjustment of immunosuppressive drugs, and multi-disciplinary collaboration are important for safe pregnancy and delivery.

Association between serum trace elements and dyslipidemia： a community-based cross-sectional study / 上海预防医学

Objective:To investigate the association between serum trace elements and dyslipidemia in Pudong New Area. Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out. A stratified， cluster sampling approach was used for sampling. In total 1 814 community residents aged above 35 years old were recruited in Pudong New Area， Shanghai. A face-to-face investigation was conducted and blood samples were collected. Serum levels of 16 trace elements， including boron， vanadium， chromium， manganese， iron， cobalt， nickel， copper， zinc， arsenic， selenium， strontium， molybdenum， tin， antimony， and barium were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. The relationship between serum trace elements and dyslipidemia was analyzed with single and multiple Logistic regression models. Results:Prevalence of dyslipidemia is higher among participants of more than 45 years old with high BMI， hypertension or diabetes．Serum iron leveled the highest， followed by copper， zinc， selenium， strontium， boron and other trace elements. After adjusting for potential confounders， the odds ratios of dyslipidemia associated with the highest quartile of trace elements concentrations were 1.41 （95%CI： 1.12-1.78）， 0.77 （95%CI： 0.61-0.96）， 1.65 （95%CI： 1.31-2.09）， 1.27 （95%CI： 1.02-1.58）， and 1.32 （95%CI： 1.06-1.66） for chromium， cobalt， zinc， arsenic， and tin， respectively， compared with that associated with the other three quartiles. Conclusion:Some serum trace elements are potentially associated with dyslipidemia in community residents.

Association between sleep quality and risk of acute exacerbation of mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease： a community-based prospective study / 上海预防医学

Objective:To investigate the association between sleep quality and the risk of acute exacerbation in mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） patients in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. Methods:This was a prospective study involving eligible mild and moderate COPD patients from 10 communities randomly selected in Pudong New District of Shanghai. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics， clinical information and information on acute exacerbation. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） in Chinese. Multiple negative binomial regression was used to estimate the association between sleep quality and risk of exacerbation. Results:Altogether 212 mild/moderate COPD patients participated and completed the entire survey， of whom the majority （95.8%） were mild COPD patients， 110 persons female and over half （54.2%） over 65 years old. 32.9% of the patients had poorer sleep quality at baseline. 18.9% of the patients reported exacerbation over the past year during follow-ups. Multiple negative binomial regression suggested that increased PSQI was related to higher risk of exacerbation （RRad=1.12， 95%CI：1.02-1.24）， and patients with poorer sleep efficiency had a higher risk of exacerbation （RRad=1.66， 95%CI：1.17-5.43）. Conclusion:Poorer sleep quality is associated with a higher risk of exacerbation in community mild/moderate COPD patients， especially in those with problem of sleep efficiency. More attention to sleep disorders is warranted in community management or self-management of patients with COPD.

Analysis of the social and clinical factors affecting the age of children when receiving surgery for hypospadias: a retrospective study of 1611 cases in a single center / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

We aimed to explore the associations between the age at which children undergo surgery for hypospadias and a range of social and clinical factors in a single center. Our aim was to promote the early surgical treatment of children with hypospadias. For a 6-year period, social and clinical data were collected from all children undergoing surgery to repair hypospadias in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Chongqing, China), located in southwest of China. We analyzed the correlations between age at surgery and a range of social and clinical factors. A total of 1611 eligible cases were recruited, with a mean age of 54.3 months and a median age of 42 months: 234 cases (14.5%) were classified into a "timely operation" group, 419 (26.0%) cases into a "subtimely operation" group, and 958 (59.5%) cases into a "delayed operation" group. According to multivariate regression analyses, the higher the regional economic level, the closer the urethral opening to the perineum, and the higher the educational level of the guardians was, the younger the children were when they underwent the initial surgery for hypospadias; this was also the case for families without other children. Our subgroup analysis showed that the primary educational level of the guardians was a risk factor for subtimely surgery in their children (odds ratio [OR] = 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-2.15, P < 0.05). A lower regional economic level (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.26-2.78, P < 0.01), a lower educational level of the guardians (OR = 3.84, 95% CI: 2.31-6.41, P < 0.01), and an anterior-segment urethral opening (OR

Diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin level combined with quantitative CT in elderly women with painful osteoporosis and its correlation with disease severity / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) level combined with Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) in elderly women with painful osteoporosis and its correlation with disease severity.Method:This study is a prospective study. From Jan. 2019 to Apr. 2020, 596 elderly women who underwent physical examination in our hospital were selected as the research subjects. All of them underwent dual-energy X-ray, PCT examination, and QCT examination serum. The diagnostic value of PCT and QCT in elderly women with painful osteoporosis was analyzed; Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebral 1, 2 vertebra, PCT and the severity of painful osteoporosis.Result:Among 596 elderly women, painful osteoporosis patients accounted for 50.84% (303/596) , bone mass reduction accounted for 21.98% (131/596) , and normal bone mass accounted for 27.18% (162/596) . Compared with the results of the diagnosis of painful osteoporosis by DAX, the diagnostic coincidence rates of PCT, QCT, QCT+PCT were 81.88% (488/596) , 93.62% (558/596) , and 97.31% (580/596) . QCT examination, QCT+PCT diagnosis coincidence rate is higher than PCT examination ( χ2=43.650, 83.187, P<0.05) ; QCT+PCT diagnosis coincidence rate is higher than QCT examination ( χ2=9.388, P=0.002) . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of QCT+PCT in the diagnosis of abnormal bone mass are higher than those of PCT ( P<0.05) ; the specificity and negative predictive value of QCT+PCT in diagnosing abnormal bone mass are higher than QCT Check ( P<0.05) . The bone density detected by QCT in the osteopenia group and the painful osteoporosis group was lower than that in the normal bone mass group, and the serum PCT level was higher than that in the normal bone mass group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the painful osteoporosis group was in QCT detection of bone. The density was lower than that of the osteopenia group, and the serum PCT level was higher than that of the osteopenia group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The severity of painful osteoporosis was negatively correlated with bone mineral density detected by QCT ( r=-0.54, P<0.05) , and positively correlated with serum PCT ( r=0.59, P<0.05) . Conclusion:QCT vertebral bone mineral density determination combined with serum PCT detection has high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the diagnosis of painful osteoporosis, and is closely related to the severity of painful osteoporosis, and can be used for clinical evaluation of the condition of painful osteoporosis patients.

Predictors of testicular injury secondary to incarcerated inguinal Hernia in children / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To find out predictors of the testicular ischemia caused by incarcerated inguinal hernia and evaluate the ischemic injury of the testis more accurately, which can indicate testicle exploration in time or prevent unnecessary testicle exploration.Methods:Pediatric patients (median: 9 months) undergoing operation of unilateral incarcerated inguinal hernia and ipsilateral testicular exploration from 1 Jul. 2013 to 30 Jun. 2019 were retrospectively investigated. Age at surgery, incarcerate duration, degree of intestinal and testicular injury, times of manual reduction and preoperative ultrasound data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed by SAS 9.4 (Copyright ? 2016 SAS Institute Inc.Cary, NC, USA) .Results:460 patients (median: 9 months) , of which 57 (12.39%) (median: 1.4 months, interquartile range 0.8-10.7 months) had severe testicular injury, and their average incarceration time was (23.9±9.3) h. Univariate logistic regression revealed that increased times of manual reduction, ultrasound scores, incarcerate duration and degree of intestinal injury were positively correlated with the degree of testicular ischemia, while age at surgery was negatively correlated with the degree of testicular ischemia ( P<0.05) . A model for calculating the probability of severe testicular ischemia injury was established: P= through multivariate analysis with backward stepwise logistic regression and 10-fold cross-validation was used for preliminary verification of the model. Conclusion:This study provides a relative reliable model to predict the risk of irreversible testicular ischemia due to incarcerated inguinal hernia using readily available clinical characteristics in young pediatrics with testicular ischemia.

Associations between workplace social capital and health productivity of enterprise employees / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of workplace social capital on health productivity of enterprise employees. METHODS: A total of 3 240 employees from different industries in Pudong New District, Shanghai City were selected as the research subjects using the stratified random sampling method. Workplace Social Capital Scale and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: General Health were used to investigate the current status of workplace social capital and health productivity. RESULTS: The average workplace social capital score of employees was 3.9±0.6, and the detection rate of those with low workplace social capital was 37.3%(1 207/3 240). The detection rate of health productivity loss was 40.2%(1 303/3 240). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the risk of health productivity loss increased in those employees with low workplace social capital(P<0.01) after excluding the influence of confounding factors such as gender, age, length of service, marital status, education level, job requirements, personal monthly income, type of enterprise, excessive drinking and irregular exercise. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval was 1.427(1.225-1.662). CONCLUSION: Low social capital of employees in workplace can lead to impaired health productivity. Workplace health management can be carried out from the perspective of improving social capital of employees to improve their health productivity.

Safety and short-term efficacy of apatinib combined with oxaliplatin and S-1 in the conversion treatment for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the safety and short-term efficacy of apatinib combined with oxaliplatin and S-1 in the conversion treatment for gastric cancer with different types of peritoneal metastasis. Methods: A prospective study "one arm exploratory clinical study of conversion therapy of apatinib with S-1 and oxaliplatin in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer" (clinical registration ChiCTR-ONC-17010430) from medical record database was retrospectively analyzed. Patients aged 18-70 years with gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis confirmed by histology and laparoscopic exploration, and had not receive radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy before were enrolled. Before operation, the patients received 6 cycles of S-1 (80-120 mg/d, d1-d14) and oxaliplatin (130 mg/m(2), d1), and 5 cycles of apatinib (500 mg/d, d1-d21) conversion regimen. Three weeks after chemotherapy, whether the operation was performed or not depending on re-evaluation and patient preference. The main outcome were adverse reactions, and the secondary outcome were objective remission rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and overall survival (OS) rate. The follow-up period was up to May 2020. Results: A total of 27 patients with gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis were enrolled in this study. There were 13 males and 14 females, with a median age of 58 (30-68) years old. There were 9 cases of P1a, 5 cases of P1b, and 13 cases of P1c. There were 14 cases with 1-5 scores of PCI (peritoneal cancer index), and 13 cases with 6 scores or above. The incidence of adverse reactions was 100%. The most common adverse reactions were hematological events including leucopenia (70.4%, 19/27) and granulocytopenia (74.1%, 20/27). Non-hematological adverse events included fatigue (51.9%, 14/27) and oral mucositis (37.0%, 10/27). One patient was withdrawn due to grade 4 thrombocytopenia. Among 26 patients with feasible efficacy evaluation, 18 (69.2%) achieved partial remission, 3 (11.5%) achieved stable disease, and 5 (19.2%) disease progression. The objective remission rate was 69.2% (18/26) and the disease control rate was 80.8% (21/26). Fourteen patients underwent surgery, including 6 patients undergoing R0 resection with the R0 resection rate of 42.9% (6/14). The postoperative pathological response rate was 64.3% (9/14). The follow-up time was 12-40 months, and the follow-up rate was 100%. The 1-year OS rate was 65.2% and the survival time was (14.0±1.7) months. The 1-year OS rates of P1a/P1b group and P1c group were 81.8% and 42.0% respectively, whose difference was statistically significant (P=0.041). The 1-year OS rates of PCI 1-5 group and PCI ≥6 group were 67.3% and 38.5% respectively, whose difference was statistically significant (P=0.022). Conclusion: In the conversion treatment of gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis, the safety of apatinib combined with oxaliplatin and S-1 is acceptable, and this regimen shows a good short-term survival efficacy in patients with P1a/P1b and PCI of 1-5.